AP Art History Chapter 5 Vocabulary
Sanctuaries
sacred or holy enclosure used for worship in Greece or Rome, consisted of one or more temples and an altar
Lekythoi
slim vase for oil with handle and mouth
Olpe
any greek vase or jug without a spout
Orthogonal plan
any line running back into the represented space of a picture perpendicular to the imagined picture plan
Acropolis
A citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically built on a hill
Black figure technique
A style or technique of ancient Greek pottery in which slip is painted on a red clay ground. Details of the figures are incised using a stylus.
Peristyle
A surrounding colonnade in Greek architecture. A peristyle building is surrounded on the exterior by a colonnade.
Pediments
A triangular gable found over major architectural elements such as Classical Greek porticoes, windows, or doors. Formed by an entablature and the ends of a sloping roof or cornice
Symposium
An ancient Greek banquet attended solely by men (and female servants and prostitutes).
Amphora
An ancient Greek jar for storing oil or wine, with an egg-shaped body and two curved handles
Kouros/Kouroi
An archaic Greek statue of a young man or boy
Psykter
Greek vessel with an extended bottom allowing it float in a larger krater, used to chill wine
Kore/Korai
Greek, "young woman." An Archaic Greek statuary type depicting a young woman
Entablature
In Classical architecture, the part of a building above the columns and below the roof. This part of a Classical temple includes the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
Fluted
In architecture, evenly spaced, rounded parallel vertical grooves incised on shafts or columns or columnar elements.
Red Figure techinque
a style and techique of ancient greek vase painting characterized by red clay colored figures on a black background.
Contrapposto
an Italian term meaning "set against" used to describe the pose that results from setting parts of the body in opposition to each other around a central axis
Acroteria
an ornament at the corner or peak of a roof
Maenads
ancient Greece, a female devotee of the wine god Dionysos who participated in orgiastic rituals
Stylobate
in classical architecture the stone foundations on which a temple colonnade stands
Echinus
molding between the shaft and the abacus of a Doric column
Necking
molding on shaft
Cella
the principal interior room at the center of a Greek or Roman temple within which the cult statue was usually housed
Capital
the sculpted block that tops a column.
Astragal
thin convex decorative molding, often fund on classical entablatures, and usually decorated with a continuous row of beadlike circles
White ground technique
type of pottery in which the background was painted with a slip that turned white in the firing process
Architrave
the bottom element in an entablature, beneath the frieze and the cornice.
Metopes
the carved or painted rectangular panel between the triglyphs of a doric frieze
Porches
the covered entrance on the exterior of a building. With a row of columns or colonnade also called a portico.
Archaic Smile
the curved lips of an ancient Greek statue, usually interpreted as a way of animating facial features
Abacus
the flat slab at the top of a capital directly under the entablature
Stereobate
A foundation upon which a Classical temple stands.
Peplos
A loose outer garment worn by women of ancient Greece. A cloth rectangle fastened on the shoulders and belted below the bust or at the waist.
Parapet
A low, protective wall along the edge of a roof, bridge, or balcony
Expressionism
A movement in art (early 20th century) that reflects an obvious exaggeration of natural objects for the purpose of emphasizing an emotion, mood, color or concept.
Tempera
A painting medium made by blending egg yolks with water, pigments, and occasionally other materials, such as glue.
Entasis
A slight swelling of the shaft of a Greek column. The optical illusion of entasis makes the column appear from afar to be straight.
Tholos
A small, round building. Sometimes built underground, as in a Mycenaean tomb.
Triglyphs
Rectangular block between the metopes of a Doric frieze. Identified by the three carved vertical grooves, which approximate the appearance of the end of a wooden beam.
Pronaos
The enclosed vestibule of a Greek or Roman temple, found in front of the cella and marked by a row of columns at the entrance.
Shaft
The main vertical section of a column between the capital and the base, usually circular in cross section.
Frieze
The part of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice; also, any sculptured or painted band. See register.
Oinochoe
a Greek jug used for wine
Stoa
a long roofed walkway, usually having columns on one long side and a wall on the other
Tondo
a painting or relief sculpture of circular shape
Podium
a raised platform that acts as the foundation for a building, or as platform for speaker
Rosettes
a round or oval ornament resembling a rose
Caryatids
a sculpture of a draped female figure acting as a column supporting an entablature
Kylix
a shallow greek vessel or cup, used for drinking, with a wide mouth and small handles near the rim.
Pedestals
platforms or bases supporting a sculpture or other monument. Also, the block found below the base of a classical column (or colonnade), serving to raise the entire element off the ground.